
zhongguoshiyigeduominzu、duoyuyan、duowenzideguojia,you56geminzu,gongyou80zhongyishangyuyan,yue30zhongwenzi。2000nian10yue31ribanbude《zhonghuarenmingongheguoguojiatongyongyuyanwenzifa》quedingputonghuaweiguojiatongyongyuyan。putonghuabujinshihanminzugongtongyudebiaozhunyu,yeshizhonghuaminzudegongtongyu。《zhonghuarenmingongheguoxianfa》guiding:
guojiatuiguangquanguotongyongdeputonghua。
hanzishihanminzugongtongshiyongdewenzi,yixieminzuyeyijingwanquanshiyonghanzi,tongshihanziyeshiquanguogeshaoshuminzutongyongdewenzi。zishangshiji50niandaiyilai,guojiaduixianxinghanzijinxingzhenglihejianhua,zhidinggongbule《diyipiyitizizhenglibiao》《hanzijianhuafangan》《jianhuazizongbiao》《xiandaihanyuchangyongzibiao》《xiandaihanyutongyongzibiao》dengbiaozhun。2000nian10yue31ribanbude《zhonghuarenmingongheguoguojiatongyongyuyanwenzifa》quedingguifanhanziweiguojiatongyongwenzi。
国家通用语言文字的规范和政策
fangzhenzhengce:
zhongguogenju“zhonghuarenmingongheguogeminzuyilvpingdeng”deyuanze,yiguanjianchiyuyanpingdengzhengce,jijiweihuyuyandeduoyanghuayuhexietongyi。
BG真人falvfagui:
《zhonghuarenmingongheguoxianfa》《zhonghuarenmingongheguominzuquyuzizhifa》《zhonghuarenmingongheguoguojiatongyongyuyanwenzifa》《zhonghuarenmingongheguojiaoyufa》《zhonghuarenmingongheguoyiwujiaoyufa》dengfalvyijiqitafalvfagui,gongtongquedinglegeminzuyuyanwenzipingdenggongcun,jinzhirenhexingshideyuyanqishi;geminzudouyoushiyonghefazhanzijideyuyanwenzideziyou;guojiaguligeminzuhuxiangxuexiyuyanwenzi;guojiajianchituiguangputonghua,tuixingguifanhanzidengjibenyuyanzhengce。guojiashixingzheixiezhongyaodeyuyanzhengce,baozhenglegeminzuyuyanhexiefazhan,duiweihuguojiatongyi、minzutuanjie,cujinshehui、jingji、wenhuafazhanzuochuzhongdagongxian。
falvzhailu
BG真人(yi)《zhonghuarenmingongheguoguojiatongyongyuyanwenzifa》:
dishitiao
BG真人xuexiaojiqitajiaoyujigouyiputonghuaheguifanhanziweijibendejiaoyujiaoxueyongyuyongzi。falvlingyouguidingdechuwai。xuexiaojiqitajiaoyujigoutongguohanyuwenkechengjiaoshouputonghuaheguifanhanzi。shiyongdehanyuwenkechengjiaoshouputonghuaheguifanhanzi。shiyongdehanyuwenjiaocai,yingdangfuheguojiatongyongyuyanwenzideguifanbiaozhun。
dishibatiaochudengjiaoyuyingdangjinxinghanyupinyinjiaoxue。
BG真人dishijiutiaoyiputonghuazuoweigongzuoyuyandeboyinyuan、jiemuzhuchirenheyingshihuajuyanyuan、jiaoshi、guojiajiguangongzuorenyuandeputonghuashuiping,yingdangfenbiedadaoguojiaguidingdedengjibiaozhun;duishangweidadaoguojiaguidingdeputonghuadengjibiaozhunde,fenbieqingkuangjinxingpeixun。
diershitiaoduiwaihanyujiaoxueyingdangjiaoshouputonghuaheguifanhanzi。
(er)《zhonghuarenmingongheguojiaoyufa》:
dishiertiaoxuexiaojiqitajiaoyujigoujinxingjiaoxue,yingdangtuiguangshiyongquanguotongyongdeputonghuaheguifanzi。
(san)《zhonghuarenmingongheguoyiwujiaoyufa》:
BG真人diliutiaoxuexiaoyingdangtuiguangshiyongquanguotongyongdeputonghua。zhaoshoushaoshuminzuxueshengweizhudexuexiao,keyiyongshaoshuminhuatongyongdeyuyanwenzijiaoxue。
(si)《zhonghuarenmingongheguominzuquyuzizhifa》:
BG真人disanshiqitiaozhaoshoushaoshuminzuxueshengweizhudexuexiaoyoutiaojiandeyingdangcaiqushaoshuminzuwenzidekeben,bingyongshaoshuminzuyuyanjiangke;xiaoxuegaonianjihuozhezhongxueshehanwenkecheng,tuiguangquanguotongyongdeputonghua。
BG真人(wu)《saochuwenmangtiaoli》:
diliutiaosaochuwenmangjiaoxueyingdangshiyongquanguotongyongdeputonghua。
(liu)《youeryuanguanlitiaoli》:
dishiwutiaoyoueryuanyingdangshiyongquanguotongyongdeputonghua。
(qi)《minzuxiangxingzhenggongzuotiaoli》;
BG真人dishisitiaominzuxiangdezhongxiaoxuekeyishiyongdangdishaoshuminzutongyongdeyuyanwenzijiaoxue,tongshituiguangquanguotongyongdeputonghua。
wenjianzhailu
BG真人(yi)1999nian:
《zhonggongzhongyang、guowuyuanbgzhenrenshenhuajiaoyugaigequanmiantuijinsuzhijiaoyudejueding》:
zhongshipeiyangxueshengshoujichulixinxidenengli、huoquxinzhishidenengli、fenxihejiejuewentidenengli、yuyanwenzibiaodanengliyijituanjiexiezuoheshehuihuodongdenengli。
BG真人(er)quanmiantuijinxuexiaoyuyanwenzigongzuo,gejizhongleixuexiaotebieshizhongxiaoxue、shifanyuanxiaoyaojixubashuohaoputonghua、xiehaoguifanzi、tigaoyuyanwenzinenglizuoweisuzhijiaoyudezhongyaoneirong。
BG真人(san)《guowuyuanyaobgzhenrenjichujiaoyugaigeyufazhandejueding》(guofa[2001]21hao):
27.yaorenzhenguancheshishi《zhonghuarenmingongheguoguojiatongyongyuyanwenzifa》,jinyibujiaqiangzhongxiaoxuetuiguangputonghua、yongziguifanhuagongzuo,tuiguangpujiguojiatongyongyuyanwenzi,bapujiputonghua、yongziguifanhuanarujiaoyujiaoxueyaoqiu,tigaoxueshengyuyanwenziyingyongnengliheguifanyishi。
(si)zhuanguojiayuwei《bgzhenrendangqianyuyanwenzigongzuodeqingshi》(guofa[1992]63hao):
shixianyuyanwenzideguifanhuabiaozhunhua,shipujijiaoyu、tigaowenhuashuiping、fazhankexuejishudeyixiangjichugongcheng,duiwoguogaigekaifangheshehuizhuyixiandaihuajianshejuyouzhongyaoyiyi。
tuiguangputonghua,xuexiaoshijichu。xuexiaoyongyuyilvshiyongputonghua。xuexiaoheshehuidetuiguangputonghuagongzuoyaohuxiangjiehe,huxiangcujin。
xuexiaotuiguangputonghua,bixulieruxuexiaogongzuojihua,tichumingquedemubiaoheyaoqiu,jianlibixiguizhangzhidu。xuexiaotuiguangputonghuadezhongdianshigejishifanyuanxiao、chudenghezhongdengxuexiao
gejigeleishifanyuanxiaohezhiyegaozhongdeyoushilei、wenmilei、gonggongfuwuleizhuanyedouyaokaisheputonghuakecheng,yaobaputonghuazuoweiyixiangzhongyaojibengong,renzhenxunlian,yangekaohe;putonghuabuhegedebiyeshengbixujinxingbukehebukao,bukaohegehoufangkefajibiyezhengshu。yongputonghuajiaoxueshihegejiaoshideyixiangbibeitiaojian,yingdangchengweipinggujiaoxuezhiliang、pingxuanyouxiujiaoshi、pingpinjiaoshizhiwudeyigeneirong。duiyuwenjiaoshishuoputonghuadenengliheshuipingyingyouligaodeyaoqiu。
shaoshuminzudiquyaojiaqiangyuyanwenziguifanhua、biaozhunhuajiaoyuheyuyanwenzijibengongxunlian。chudeng、zhongdengxuexiaoyuwenxuekehedazhuanyuanxiaozhongwenxideyouguankecheng,yaojiangshouxinshiqiguojiayuyanwenzigongzuodefangzhen、zhengce、renwuheyuyanwenziguifanhuazhishi。
guifanbiaozhun:
weiraoguancheshishi《zhonghuarenmingongheguoguojiatongyongyuyanwenzifa》,dalituiguangputonghua,tuixingguifanhanzi,jinyibukuoda《hanyupinyinfangan》deyingyongfanwei,tigaoquanshehuiyuyanwenziyingyongnengli,guojiayuyanwenzigongzuoyixuexiaoweijichu,yidangzhengjiguanweilongtou,yixinwenmeitiweibangyang,yigonggongfuwuxingyeweichuangkou,zhuzhongfahuichengshidefushedaidongzuoyong,tongguoputonghuashuipingceshi、tuiguangputonghuaxuanchuanzhou、chengshiyuyanwenzigongzuopinggu、yuyanwenziguifanhuashifanxiaojianshe、zhonghuajingdiansongduxingdongdengyouxiaocuoshi,zhubujianliqiyifaguanlijianduyuyanwenzishehuiyingyongheyuyanwenzigongzuodetizhihejizhi,putonghuaheguifanhanzipujichengdu、yingyongshuipingxianzhutigao。